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A Shift in Coverage: HHS Reinterprets “Federal Public Benefit” Under PRWORA

Client Alert

On July 10, 2025, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) rescinded a 1998 interpretation of “federal public benefit” as used in Title IV of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA). PRWORA was passed to restrict benefit eligibility for immigrants without legal status as well as many legal immigrants during their first few years in the U.S. The 1998 interpretation limited the scope of what qualified as a “federal public benefit,” allowing states to extend exemptions to immigrants for programs such as emergency services or public health.  

With this new notice, HHS intends to reverse what it calls “outdated exclusions” from the bill’s language, and newly includes the following programs as “federal public benefits” under PRWORA:

  • Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics
  • Community Mental Health Services Block Grant
  • Community Services Block Grant (CSBG)
  • Head Start
  • Health Center Program
  • Health Workforce Programs not otherwise previously covered (including grants, loans, scholarships, payments, and loan repayments).
  • Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Prevention, and Recovery Support Services Programs administered by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
  • Projects for Assistance in Transition from Homelessness Grant Program
  • Substance Use Prevention, Treatment, and Recovery Services Block Grant
  • Title IV-E Educational and Training Voucher Program
  • Title IV-E Kinship Guardianship Assistance Program
  • Title IV-E Prevention Services Program
  • Title X Family Planning Program

The notice establishing the revised policy took effect immediately upon publication in the Federal Register on July 14, 2025. Comments on the proposed rule are due no later than 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on August 13, 2025.

To learn more about “federal public benefits” under PRWORA and how this policy shift could impact your health care operations, please contact BMD Healthcare Member Daphne Kackloudis at dlkackloudis@bmdllc.com or Attorney Jordan Burdick at jaburdick@bmdllc.com.


Ohio House Bill 537: Proposed Regulations for Midwives and Birthing Centers

House Bill 537, introduced in the Ohio House of Representatives, proposes a comprehensive regulatory framework for certified nurse-midwives, certified midwives, licensed midwives, and traditional midwives. The legislation would clarify scope of practice, establish licensure standards, and impose new requirements for freestanding birthing centers and home births. Healthcare providers and facilities should be aware of the proposed changes and their potential operational impact.

Proposed Health Information Privacy Reform Act Expands Protections Beyond HIPAA

The Health Information Privacy Reform Act (HIPRA) seeks to extend privacy protections to health data not covered under HIPAA, including data collected by apps and wearables. HIPRA introduces broader definitions of protected health information, strengthens privacy and security requirements, establishes patient notification rights, and sets national de-identification standards. Companies processing health data should monitor developments to ensure compliance.

Medicare Updates on Skin Substitutes: LCDs Withdrawn, Payment Changes Take Effect

Medicare’s planned Final Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) for skin substitutes were withdrawn in late December 2025, meaning previous coverage rules remain in effect. The 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule introduces a single payment rate of approximately $127.14 for these products. Providers should review implications for diabetic foot and venous leg ulcer treatments.

Understanding the Seven Core Elements of an Effective Healthcare Compliance Program

The Affordable Care Act requires healthcare providers participating in Medicare, Medicaid, and CHIP to maintain an effective compliance program. Guidance from the Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of Inspector General outlines seven core elements that form the foundation of these programs, from written policies and compliance oversight to auditing, training, and corrective action. This alert highlights each element and explains how practices can tailor compliance programs to their size and risk profile while meeting federal expectations.

Preventing a Board Investigation

Healthcare professionals in Ohio are subject to licensing board investigations that can lead to disciplinary action. Staying compliant with regulations, documenting carefully, and operating within your professional scope can help prevent issues. If contacted by a board, working with an attorney is critical to protect your license and rights.