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Some of the nation’s largest drug manufacturers are forging ahead to implement rebate programs for 340B drugs, even after the federal government has called these programs illegal.

In August 2024, Johnson & Johnson first announced its plan to implement a drug rebate program for 340B drugs whereby the manufacturer would charge buyers full price for drugs and offer a back-end rebate, instead of allowing safety net providers to purchase outpatient drugs at lower costs, as they have done since the program’s inception.

In response, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), the federal agency that oversees the 340B drug pricing program, deemed Johnson & Johnson’s rebate program illegal, prompting Johnson & Johnson to initially revoke the rebate plan. However, Johnson & Johnson had a change of heart and on November 12, 2024, filed a lawsuit to challenge HRSA’s decision.

Emboldened, other drug manufacturers have begun to implement drug rebate programs. On November 26, 2024, Bristol Myers Squibb filed a lawsuit against HRSA, asking the federal court to deem its rebate program legal and prevent U.S. Department of Health and Human Services from taking agency action to invalidated rebates.

While it is unclear how these federal courts will rule, these lawsuits signal a desire by drug makers to change how they offer 340B drug discounts to health care providers that operate using scarce federal resources, a move that could threaten the sustainability of safety net providers and the patients they serve.

If you have questions about these lawsuits, or the 340B program in general, please contact Member Daphne Kackloudis at dlkackloudis@bmdllc.com or Attorney Jordan Burdick at jaburdick@bmdllc.com.